Elementary

Creating Inclusive PreK–12 STEM Learning Environments

Brief CoverBroadening participation in PreK–12 STEM provides ALL students with STEM learning experiences that can prepare them for civic life and the workforce.

Author/Presenter

Malcom Butler

Cory Buxton

Odis Johnson Jr.

Leanne Ketterlin-Geller

Catherine McCulloch

Natalie Nielsen

Arthur Powell

Year
2018
Short Description

This brief offers insights from National Science Foundation-supported research for education leaders and policymakers who are broadening participation in science, technology, engineering, and/or mathematics (STEM). Many of these insights confirm knowledge that has been reported in research literature; however, some offer a different perspective on familiar challenges.

Early Childhood Teachers’ Use of Asset-based Computational Thinking Pedagogy: Centering Students’ Expertise and Life Experiences

Computational thinking (CT) is central to computer science, yet there is a gap in the literature on how CT emerges and develops in early childhood especially for children from historically marginalized communities. Yet, lack of access to computational materials and effective instruction can create inequities that have lasting effects on young children (Chaudry, et al., 2017). To alleviate the pervasiveness of such inequities and remedy the “pedagogical dominance of Whiteness” (Baines et al., 2018, p.

Author/Presenter

Lori Czop Assaf

Sean Justice

Lead Organization(s)
Year
2024
Short Description

Computational thinking (CT) is central to computer science, yet there is a gap in the literature on how CT emerges and develops in early childhood especially for children from historically marginalized communities. Understanding how teachers provide asset-based, culturally responsive opportunities for CT in early childhood classrooms remains largely unknown. The purpose of this paper is to share a subset of findings from a qualitative, ethnographic study that explored the ways in which early childhood teachers (ECT) learned and implemented CT using asset-based pedagogies.

Asset-based Computational Thinking in Early Childhood Classrooms: Centering Students’ Expertise in a Community of Learners

Computational thinking (CT) is central to computer science, yet there is a gap in the literature on the best ways to implement CT in early childhood classrooms. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how early childhood teachers enacted asset-based pedagogies while implementing CT in their classrooms. We followed a group of 28 early childhood educators who began with a summer institute and then participated in multiple professional learning activities over one year.

Author/Presenter

Lori Czop Assaf

Sean Justice

Lead Organization(s)
Year
2024
Short Description

Computational thinking CT is central to computer science, yet there is a gap in the literature on the best ways to implement CT in early childhood classrooms. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how early childhood teachers enacted asset-based pedagogies while implementing CT in their classrooms.

Expressive STEM Storymaking: Art, Literacy, and Creative Computing

This chapter features intersections of art, literacy, and creative computing. As a component of STEAM, creative computing augments story creation, or storymaking (Buganza et al., 2023; Compton & Thompson, 2018), prompting learners to explore expressive meaning making as collective interactions with texts. To signify a way of teaching that supports such learning activities, we propose expressive STEM as a design principle, illustrated here with examples from an elementary school and a preservice art education program in Texas, USA.

Author/Presenter

Sean Justice

Lori Czop Assaf

Lead Organization(s)
Year
2025
Short Description

This chapter features intersections of art, literacy, and creative computing. As a component of STEAM, creative computing augments story creation, or storymaking (Buganza et al., 2023; Compton & Thompson, 2018), prompting learners to explore expressive meaning making as collective interactions with texts. To signify a way of teaching that supports such learning activities, we propose expressive STEM as a design principle, illustrated here with examples from an elementary school and a preservice art education program in Texas, USA.

Fostering Mathematics Engagement Through Citizen Science

Teach mathematics and science using materials for the weather-focused Community Collaborative Rain, Hail, & Snow Network project.

Author/Presenter

Danielle R. Scharen

Erin McInerney

Lindsey H. Sachs

Meredith L. Hayes

P. Sean Smith

Lead Organization(s)
Year
2025
Short Description

Teach mathematics and science using materials for the weather-focused Community Collaborative Rain, Hail, & Snow Network project.

Citizen Science in the Elementary Classroom: Going Beyond Data Collection

This article portrays how citizen science (CS) projects can be integrated into elementary classrooms to enhance students’ sensemaking skills and connect to real-world science problems. For the last several years, we have been involved in a study, Teacher Learning for Effective School-Based Citizen Science (TL4CS), that developed materials for elementary school teachers to engage their students in data collection, analysis, and interpretation for two existing CS projects: Community Collaborative Rain, Hail, and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS) and the Lost Ladybug Project (LLP).

Author/Presenter

Jill K. McGowan

Lindsey Sachs

Anna Bruce

Danielle R. Scharen

Meredith Hayes

P. Sean Smith

Lead Organization(s)
Year
2025
Short Description

This article portrays how citizen science (CS) projects can be integrated into elementary classrooms to enhance students’ sensemaking skills and connect to real-world science problems.

Supporting Multilingual Students’ Mathematical Discourse Through Teacher Professional Development Grounded in Design-based Research: A Conceptual Framework

This conceptual paper presents a framework for supporting multilingual students’ mathematical discourse through teacher professional development grounded in design-based research (DBR). Drawing on sociocultural learning theory, the Integrated Language and Mathematics Project (ILMP) was co-developed with elementary educators to promote integrated instruction that simultaneously advances students’ mathematical understanding, language development, and cultural identity.

Author/Presenter

Margarita Jiménez-Silva

Robin Martin

Rachel Restani

Suzanne Abdelrahim

Tony Albano

Year
2025
Short Description

This conceptual paper presents a framework for supporting multilingual students’ mathematical discourse through teacher professional development grounded in design-based research (DBR). Drawing on sociocultural learning theory, the Integrated Language and Mathematics Project (ILMP) was co-developed with elementary educators to promote integrated instruction that simultaneously advances students’ mathematical understanding, language development, and cultural identity. The ILMP framework centers around three instructional pillars: attention to language, attention to mathematical thinking, and cultural responsiveness. Through collaborative inquiry cycles, educators engaged as learners, contributors, and designers of practice, iteratively enacting and reflecting on instructional strategies rooted in students’ linguistic and cultural assets.

Promoting Family Science Conversations in the LaCuKnoS Project

The Language, Culture, and Knowledge-building through Science (LaCuKnoS) project tests and refines a model of science teaching and learning that brings together current research on the role of language in science communication, the role of cultural and community connections in science engagement, and the ways people apply science knowledge to their daily decision making. One key component of the model brings families together as co-learners and co-teachers through family learning experiences.

Author/Presenter

Cory Buxton

Diana Crespo Camacho

Barbara Ettenauer

Lead Organization(s)
Year
2025
Short Description

The Language, Culture, and Knowledge-building through Science (LaCuKnoS) project tests and refines a model of science teaching and learning that brings together current research on the role of language in science communication, the role of cultural and community connections in science engagement, and the ways people apply science knowledge to their daily decision making. One key component of the model brings families together as co-learners and co-teachers through family learning experiences. We describe our work to promote more robust family conversations about science in our lives within an existing research practice partnership, using a two-tiered qualitative conversational analysis to compare the family conversations that result from three family engagement models: (a) family science festivals; (b) family science workshops; and (c) family science home learning.

Connecting Expertise in Noticing Children’s Mathematical Thinking and Conducting Whole-Class Discussions

We extend research that connects teacher noticing expertise and instructional quality by providing rich illustrations of these connections at three levels of noticing expertise. Grounded in a vision of teaching that is responsive to children’s mathematical thinking, we investigated connections between teachers’ expertise in noticing children’s thinking and their centering of children’s thinking in whole-class discussions. We showcase three upper elementary school teachers as focal teachers, each with a different level of noticing expertise.

Author/Presenter

Victoria R. Jacobs

Susan B. Empson

Year
2025
Short Description

Grounded in a vision of teaching that is responsive to children’s mathematical thinking, we investigated connections between teachers’ expertise in noticing children’s thinking and their centering of children’s thinking in whole-class discussions. This study provides insight into the importance of expertise in teacher noticing for whole-class discussions while also illustrating the mathematical and pedagogical richness of the details of children’s mathematical thinking.

Characterizing Teacher Knowledge Tests and Their Use in the Mathematics Education Literature

We present findings from an analysis of tests of teacher mathematical knowledge identified over a 20-year period of mathematics education literature. This analysis is part of a larger project aimed at developing a repository of instruments and their associated validity evidence for use in mathematics education. We report on how these tests are discussed in the literature, with a focus on validity arguments and evidence. A key finding is that these tests are often presented in ways that do not support their use by the mathematics education community.

Author/Presenter

Pavneet Kaur Bharaj

Michele Carney

Heather Howell

Wendy M. Smith

James Smith

Year
2025
Short Description

We present findings from an analysis of tests of teacher mathematical knowledge identified over a 20-year period of mathematics education literature, and report on how these tests are discussed in the literature, with a focus on validity arguments and evidence.