- Tobin, R. G., Lacy, S., Crissman, S., & Haddad, N. (2018). Model-based reasoning about energy: A fourth-grade case study. Journal of Research in Science Teaching.*
- Tobin, R., Lacy, S., Crissman, S., Haddad, N., Wentink, O., & Seeley, L. (2019). Where does energy go when it's "Gone"? Promoting understanding of energy dissipation. American Journal of Physics, 87(7).*
- Crissman, S., Lacy, S., Nordine, J., & Tobin, R. (2015). Looking Through the Energy Lens: A Strategy Helps Students Develop a Fuller View of Energy's Role in a Variety of Phenomena. Science and Children.*
This project will develop and investigate the opportunities and limitations of Focus on Energy, a professional development (PD) system for elementary teachers (grades 3-5). The PD will contain: resources that will help teachers to interpret, evaluate and cultivate students' ideas about energy; classroom activities to help them to identify, track and represent energy forms and flows; and supports to help them in engaging students in these activities.